Wisdom Wednesday: Hormone-mimics In Plastic Water Bottles Act As Functional Estrogens

Plastic packaging is not without its downsides, and if you thought mineral water was ‘clean’, it may be time to think again. According to Martin Wagner and Jörg Oehlmann from the Department of Aquatic Ecotoxicology at the Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, plastic mineral water bottles contaminate drinking water with estrogenic chemicals.

In an analysis of commercially available mineral waters, the researchers found evidence of estrogenic compounds leaching out of the plastic packaging into the water. What’s more, these chemicals are potent in vivo and result in an increased development of embryos in the New Zealand mud snail. These findings, which show for the first time that substances leaching out of plastic food packaging materials act as functional estrogens, are published in Springer’s journal Environmental Science and Pollution Research.

Wagner and Oehlmann looked at whether the migration of substances from packaging material into foodstuffs contributes to human exposure to man-made hormones. They analyzed 20 brands of mineral water available in Germany – nine bottled in glass, nine bottled in plastic and two bottled in composite packaging (paperboard boxes coated with an inner plastic film). The researchers took water samples from the bottles and tested them for the presence of estrogenic chemicals in vitro. They then carried out a reproduction test with the New Zealand mud snail to determine the source and potency of the xenoestrogens.

They detected estrogen contamination in 60% of the samples (12 of the 20 brands) analyzed. Mineral waters in glass bottles were less estrogenic than waters in plastic bottles. Specifically, 33% of all mineral waters bottled in glass compared with 78% of waters in plastic bottles and both waters bottled in composite packaging showed significant hormonal activity.

By breeding the New Zealand mud snail in both plastic and glass water bottles, the researchers found more than double the number of embryos in plastic bottles compared with glass bottles. Taken together, these results demonstrate widespread contamination of mineral water with potent man-made estrogens that partly originate from compounds leaching out of the plastic packaging material.



The authors conclude: “We must have identified just the tip of the iceberg in that plastic packaging may be a major source of xenohormone contamination of many other edibles. Our findings provide an insight into the potential exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals due to unexpected sources of contamination.”

My Take:
This is a follow-up from Monday’s blog about high estrogen. As I noted in that blog, BPAs (biphenyls) found in plastic are easily leeched into food and drink, acting as estrogen disruptors in the body.

Clinically, I have seen this is young men in their late teens and early twenties, suffering from low testosterone and/or high estrogen from environmental exposure.

This study was sent to me by Dr. Ronda Nelson. I have attended several of her nutritional seminars for license renewal over the years. She sent it in the context of breast health awareness, another health issue related to high estrogen.

Bottom Line:
If you must use plastic to hold either food or drink, use PET 2 (high density polyethylene), PET 4 (low density polyethylene), or PET 5 (polypropylene). These numbers can be found on the bottom of the container. Please don’t heat them in a dishwasher or microwave.


Source: March 27, 2009 Science Daily